Biochem/physiol Actions
FSEN1 (ferroptosis sensitizer 1) is a cell permeable, potent, and selective uncompetitive inhibitor of ferroptosis suppressor protein 1 (FSP1) that sensitizes cancer cells to ferroptosis. FSEN1 synergizes with inhibitors of GSH-GPX4 pathway and other reagents to induce ferroptosis.
FSEN1 binds to the substrate-binding pocket of FSP1, preventing it from catalyzing the reduction of coenzyme Q10 and other lipophilic quinones. This inhibition leads to an accumulation of lipid peroxides, promoting ferroptosis in cells that rely on FSP1 for survival. The selectivity of FSEN1 for human FSP1 over mouse FSP1 is attributed to specific interactions with a critical phenylalanine residue.