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General description
Fractalkine (UniProt: O35188; also known as FK, ABCD-3, C-X3-C motif chemokine 1, CX3C membrane-anchored chemokine, Neurotactin, Small-inducible cytokine D1) is encoded by the Cx3cl1 (also known as Cx3c, Fkn, Scyd1) gene (Gene ID: 20312) in murine species. Fractalkine (CX3CL1) is a unique chemokine characterized by its membrane-bound and soluble forms, that exhibit different biological functions. The soluble form is created by proteolytic cleavage (aa 337-338) and plays a role in an endothelial cell adhesion and migration. The soluble protein binds integrins causing their activation followed by their binding to their respective numerous ligands. Fractalkine (CX3CL1) is synthesized as a type I transmembrane protein with a mucin-like domain (aa 101-336) linked to a CX3C chemokine domain (aa 25-100), transmembrane domain (aa 337-357), and an intracellular domain (aa 358-395). The N-terminal glutamine of fractalkine undergoes modification to pyroglutamate and is necessary for its full biological activity. The mucin-like domain is highly glycosylated and aids the capture and secure adhesion of a subset of leukocytes in a selectin- and integrin-independent manner. Fractalkine (CX3CL1) is expressed in various cell types and tissues with higher expression in the brain, lung, and heart and in neurons and epithelial cells from the lung, kidney, and intestine. Fractalkine (CX3CL1) is upregulated by classical proinflammatory cytokines such as TNF , IL1β, and IFN . CX3CL1 interacts primarily with its receptor, CX3CR1. FKN-CX3CR1 signaling axis plays a key role in brain homeostasis, neuronal plasticity, and transmission of synaptic signals. This ZooMAb® recombinant monoclonal antibody, generated by our proprietary technology, offers significantly enhanced specificity, affinity, reproducibility, and stability over conventional monoclonals. (Ref.: Rodriguez C, et al., (2024), Int. J. Mol. Sci, 25(15), 8007; Fong, A.M., et al., (2000). J. Biol. Chem., 275, 3781 3786).
ZooMAb® antibodies represent an entirely new generation of recombinant monoclonal antibodies. Each ZooMAb® antibody is manufactured using our proprietary recombinant expression system, purified to homogeneity, and precisely dispensed to produce robust and highly reproducible lot-to-lot consistency. Only top-performing clones are released for use by researchers. Each antibody is validated for high specificity and affinity across multiple applications, including its most commonly used application. ZooMAb® antibodies are reliably available and ready to ship when you need them.
Immunogen
KLH-conjugated linear peptide corresponding to 16 amino acids from the N-terminal half of murine CX3CL1.
Application
Quality Control Testing
Evaluated by Western Blotting in mouse brain tissue lysate.
Western Blotting Analysis: A 1:1,000 dilution of this antibody detected CX3CL1 in mouse brain tissue lysate.
Tested Applications
Western Blotting Analysis: A 1:20,000 dilution of this antibody detected His-tagged, recombinant fragment of mouse CX3CL1.
Affinity Binding Assay: A representative lot of this antibody bound with CX3CL1 peptide with at least one thousand-fold (1,000X) higher affinity than with non-specific control peptide.
Immunohistochemistry (Paraffin) Analysis: A 1:1,000 dilution from a representative lot detected CX3CL1 in mouse colon tissue sections.
Immunocytochemistry Analysis: A 1:100 dilution from a representative lot detected CX3CL1 in Neuro-2a cells.
Note: Actual optimal working dilutions must be determined by end user as specimens, and experimental conditions may vary with the end user.
Biochem/physiol Actions
Clone 3O6 is a ZooMAb® rabbit recombinant monoclonal antibody that detects CX3CL1. It targets an epitope within 16 amino acids from the N-terminal half.
Physical form
Purified recombinant rabbit monoclonal antibody IgG, lyophilized in PBS with 5% Trehalose, normal appearance a coarse or translucent resin. The PBS/trehalose components in the ZooMAb formulation can have the appearance of a semi-solid (bead like gel) after lyophilization. This is a normal phenomenon. Please follow the recommended reconstitution procedure in the data sheet to dissolve the semi-solid, bead-like, gel-appearing material. The resulting antibody solution is completely stable and functional as proven by full functional testing. Contains no biocide or preservatives, such as azide, or any animal by-products. Larger pack sizes provided as multiples of 25 µL.
Preparation Note
300 µg/mL after reconstitution at 25 µL per vial. Please refer to guidance on suggested starting dilutions and/or titers per application and sample type.
Recommend storage of lyophilized product at 2-8°C; Before reconstitution, micro-centrifuge vials briefly to spin down material to bottom of the vial; Reconstitute each vial by adding 25 µL of filtered lab grade water or PBS; Reconstituted antibodies can be stored at 2-8°C, or -20°C for long term storage. Avoid repeated freeze-thaws.
Other Notes
We are committed to bringing you greener alternative products, which adhere to one or more of the 12 Principles of Green Chemistry. This antibody is preservative-free, produced without the harm or sacrifice of animals and exceptionally stable to allow for ambient shipping and storage if needed, and thus aligns with "Waste Prevention", "Designing Safer Chemicals" and "Design for Energy Efficiency". Click here for more information.
Legal Information
ZooMAb is a registered trademark of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
Disclaimer
Unless otherwise stated in our catalog or other company documentation accompanying the product(s), our products are intended for research use only and are not to be used for any other purpose, which includes but is not limited to, unauthorized commercial uses, in vitro diagnostic uses, ex vivo or in vivo therapeutic uses or any type of consumption or application to humans or animals.
| biological source | rabbit |
| Quality Level | 200 |
| recombinant | expressed in HEK 293 cells |
| conjugate | unconjugated |
| antibody form | purified antibody |
| antibody product type | primary antibodies |
| description | recombinant, expressed in HEK 293 cells |
| product line | ZooMAb® learn more |
| form | lyophilized |
| mol wt | calculated mol wt 42.10 kDa,observed mol wt ~100 kDa |
| purified by | using Protein A |
| species reactivity | mouse |
| packaging | antibody small pack of 25 |
| greener alternative product characteristics | Waste Prevention Designing Safer Chemicals Design for Energy Efficiency Learn more about the Principles of Green Chemistry. |
| enhanced validation | recombinant expression Learn more about Antibody Enhanced Validation |
| sustainability | Greener Alternative Product |
| technique(s) | affinity binding assay: suitable,immunocytochemistry: suitable,immunohistochemistry: suitable,western blot: suitable |
| isotype | IgG |
| epitope sequence | N-terminal half |
| Protein ID accession no. | NP_033168 |
| UniProt accession no. | O35188 |
| greener alternative category | Aligned |
| shipped in | ambient |
| storage temp. | 2-8°C |
| Gene Information | mouse ... Cx3cl1(20312) |
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