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General description
1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase PNPLA3 (UniProt: Q9NST1; also known as EC:2.3.1.51, Acylglycerol transacylase, Adiponutrin, ADPN, Calcium-independent phospholipase A2-epsilon, iPLA2-epsilon, Lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase, Patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 3) is encoded by the PNPLA3 (also known as ASPN1, C22orf20) gene (Gene ID: 80339) in human. PNPLA3 is a single-pass type II membrane protein with an N-terminal cytoplasmic domain (aa 1-41), a transmembrane domain (aa 42-62), and long C-terminal lumenal domain (aa 63-481). It specifically catalyzes coenzyme A (CoA)-dependent acylation of 1-acyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate (2-lysophosphatidic acid/LPA) to generate phosphatidic acid (PA), which is an important metabolic intermediate and precursor for both triglycerides and glycerophospholipids. It does not esterify other lysophospholipids. It possesses low triacylglycerol lipase and CoA-independent acylglycerol transacylase activities and thus may play a role in acyl-chain remodeling of triglycerides. Its levels are down-regulated following a low-calorie diet and refeeding is shown to elevate its mRNA levels. Mutations in PNPLA3 gene is reported to cause non-alcoholic fatty liver disease 1 that is characterized by accumulation of triglycerides in the liver, insulin resistance, and dyslipidemia. A sequence variant (I148M) in PNPLA3 is shown to be a major genetic risk factor for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. This substitution causes a major reduction in triglyceride hydrolase activity of the enzyme. This ZooMAb® recombinant monoclonal antibody, generated by our propriety technology, offers significantly enhanced specificity, affinity, reproducibility, and stability over conventional monoclonals. (Ref.: BasuRay, S., et al. (2019). Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 116(19); 9521-9526; Kumari, M., et al. (2012). Cell Metab. 15(5); 691-702).
We are committed to bringing you greener alternative products, which adhere to one or more of The 12 Principles of Green Chemistry. This antibody is Preservative-free, produced without the harm or sacrifice of animals and exceptionally stable to allow for ambient shipping and storage if needed and thus aligns with "Waste Prevention", "Designing Safer Chemicals" and "Design for Energy Efficiency". Click here for more information.
ZooMAb® antibodies represent an entirely new generation of recombinant monoclonal antibodies. Each ZooMAb® antibody is manufactured using our proprietary recombinant expression system, purified to homogeneity, and precisely dispensed to produce robust and highly reproducible lot-to-lot consistency. Only top-performing clones are released for use by researchers. Each antibody is validated for high specificity and affinity across multiple applications, including its most commonly used application. ZooMAb® antibodies are reliably available and ready to ship when you need them.
Immunogen
Recombinant fusion protein of human PNPLA3 and Trigger Factor.
Application
Quality Control Testing
Evaluated by Western Blotting in HeLa cell lysate.
Western Blotting Analysis: A 1:10,000 dilution of this antibody detected PNPLA3 in HeLa cell lysate.
Tested Applications
Western Blotting Analysis: A 1:10,000 dilution of this antibody detected GST-tagged, full-length, recombinant Human PNPLA3.
Immunohistochemistry (Paraffin) Analysis: A 1:100 dilution from a representative lot detected PNPLA3 in Human kidney tissue sections.
Enzyme Immunoassay (ELISA) Analysis: Serial dilutions from a representative lot detected GST-tagged, full-length, recombinant Human PNPLA3.
Immunocytochemistry Analysis: A 1:100 dilution from a representative lot detected PNPLA3 in HepG2 cells.
Note: Actual optimal working dilutions must be determined by end user as specimens, and experimental conditions may vary with the end user.
Biochem/physiol Actions
Clone 11C5 is a ZooMAb® mouse recombinant monoclonal antibody that specifically detect 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase PNPLA3.
Physical form
Purified recombinant mouse monoclonal antibody IgG, lyophilized in PBS with 5% Trehalose, normal appearance a coarse or translucent resin. The PBS/trehalose components in the ZooMAb formulation can have the appearance of a semi-solid (bead like gel) after lyophilization. This is a normal phenomenon. Please follow the recommended reconstitution procedure in the data sheet to dissolve the semi-solid, bead-like, gel-appearing material. The resulting antibody solution is completely stable and functional as proven by full functional testing. Contains no biocide or preservatives, such as azide, or any animal by-products. Larger pack sizes provided as multiples of 25 µL.
Preparation Note
Recommend storage of lyophilized product at 2-8°C; Before reconstitution, micro-centrifuge vials briefly to spin down material to bottom of the vial; Reconstitute each vial by adding 25 µL of filtered lab grade water or PBS; Reconstituted antibodies can be stored at 2-8°C, or -20°C for long term storage. Avoid repeated freeze-thaws.
Reconstitute lyophilized antibody pellet with 25μL of ultrapure water or Phosphate Buffered Saline (PBS). Please refer to our reconstitution protocol and the specific application guidance on the suggested starting dilutions and sample type.
Legal Information
ZooMAb is a registered trademark of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
Disclaimer
Unless otherwise stated in our catalog or other company documentation accompanying the product(s), our products are intended for research use only and are not to be used for any other purpose, which includes but is not limited to, unauthorized commercial uses, in vitro diagnostic uses, ex vivo or in vivo therapeutic uses or any type of consumption or application to humans or animals.
| biological source | mouse |
| Quality Level | 200 |
| recombinant | expressed in HEK 293 cells |
| conjugate | unconjugated |
| antibody form | purified antibody |
| antibody product type | primary antibodies |
| clone | recombinant monoclonal |
| description | clone 11C5 ,recombinant, expressed in HEK 293 cells |
| product line | ZooMAb® learn more |
| form | lyophilized |
| mol wt | calculated mol wt 52.86 kDa,observed mol wt ~52 kDa |
| purified by | using protein G |
| species reactivity | human |
| packaging | antibody small pack of 25 |
| greener alternative product characteristics | Waste Prevention Designing Safer Chemicals Design for Energy Efficiency Learn more about the Principles of Green Chemistry. |
| enhanced validation | recombinant expression Learn more about Antibody Enhanced Validation |
| sustainability | Greener Alternative Product |
| technique(s) | ELISA: suitable,immunocytochemistry: suitable,immunohistochemistry: suitable,western blot: suitable |
| isotype | IgG2aκ |
| epitope sequence | Unknown |
| Protein ID accession no. | NP_079501.2 |
| UniProt accession no. | Q9NST1 |
| greener alternative category | Aligned |
| shipped in | ambient |
| storage temp. | 2-8°C |
| Gene Information | human ... PNPLA3(80339) |
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