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General description
Apolipoprotein E (UniProt P02649; also known as Apo-E) is encoded by the APOE (also known as AD2, LDLCQ5, LPG) gene (Gene ID 348) in human. Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) is found in the chylomicron and Intermediate-density lipoprotein (IDLs) and is essential for the normal catabolism of triglyceride-rich lipoprotein constituents. ApoE is initially produced with a signal peptide sequence (a.a. 1-18), the removal of which yields the 299 a.a. mature protein. Three additional natural variants (E2, E3, and E4) exist due to polymorphisms. E4 has an allele frequency of approximately 14 percent and has been implicated in atherosclerosis and various CNS disorders, including Alzheimer′s disease (AD). ApoE4 is highly susceptible to proteolysis, which impairs its role in cholesterol transport and beta-amyloid removal in the CNS. Various ApoE4 fragments (14–20 kDa) have been identified in the AD brain. The C-terminal portion of apoE has been implicated in binding to beta-amyloid and is localized to plaques, while the N-terminal domain preferentially localizes within neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) in the AD brain.
~18 kDa calculated
Immunogen
Epitope: C-terminus
Linear peptide corresponding to the C-terminal sequence of human ApoE4 fragment nApoECF (Asp172).
Application
Immunohistochemistry Analysis: A 1:1,000 dilution from a representative lot detected little ApoE4 fragment nApoECF (Asp172) immunoreactivity in normal human brain tissue.
Western Blotting Analysis: 1.0 µg/mL from a representative lot detected ApoE4 fragment nApoECF (Asp172) in 10 µg of human Alzheimer′s diseased brain tissue lysate.
Immunofluorescence Analysis: A representative lot detected a strong nApoECF (n-terminal ApoE4 Cleavage Fragment) immunoreactivity co-localized with that of PHF-1 within Pick bodies of area CA1 by dual-fluorescent immunohistochemistry using free-floating hippocampus tissue sections from a Pick′s disease patient (Rohn, T.T., et al. (2013). PLoS One. 8(12):e80180).
Immunofluorescence Analysis: A representative lot detected nApoECF (n-terminal ApoE4 Cleavage Fragment) immunoreactivity co-localized with that of cleaved Tau (Asp421; Cat. No. 36-017) within Pick bodies of area CA1 by dual-fluorescent immunohistochemistry using free-floating hippocampus tissue sections from a Pick′s disease patient (Rohn, T.T., et al. (2013). PLoS One. 8(12):e80180).
Immunofluorescence Analysis:A representative lot detected the the nApoECF (n-terminal ApoE4 Cleavage Fragment) immunoreactivity co-localized with the PHF-1-positive neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) in the frontal cortex of Alzheimer′s diseased brains by dual-fluorescent immunohistochemistry using formic acid-treated free-floating sections (Rohn, T.T., et al. (2012). Brain Res. 1475:106-115).
Immunohistochemistry Analysis: A representative lot detected a strong nApoECF (n-terminal ApoE4 Cleavage Fragment) immunoreactivity within Pick bodies of area CA1 among 4 out of 5 Pick′s disease patients-derived free-floating hippocampus specimens (Rohn, T.T., et al. (2013). PLoS One. 8(12):e80180).
Immunohistochemistry Analysis: A representative lot detected the specific association of the nApoECF (n-terminal ApoE4 Cleavage Fragment) immunoreactivity with the neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), but not within the Abeta-positive senile plaques, in the frontal cortex of Alzheimer′s diseased brains using formic acid-treated free-floating sections (Rohn, T.T., et al. (2012). Brain Res. 1475:106-115).
Western Blotting Analysis: A representative lot detected the 18 kDa nApoECF (n-terminal ApoE4 Cleavage Fragment; a.a. 1-172) present in the preparations of bacterially expressed human ApoE4, but not the full-length ApoE4 itself or the caspse-3-cleaved 16 kDa ApoE4 fragment (Rohn, T.T., et al. (2012). Brain Res. 1475:106-115).
Note: This antibody will detect any ApoE fragments with Asp172 at the C-terminus. This antibody was raised against a hydrophobic immunogen sequence and therefore exhibits high affinity toward hydrophobic membrane surface. Multiple banding pattern and overall high background are expected when using this antibody for Western blotting applications, especially when employing tissue samples.
Research Category
Neuroscience
Anti-ApoE4 Fragment nApoECF Antibody (Asp172) is an antibody against ApoE4 Fragment nApoECF for use in Immunohistochemistry (Paraffin), Western Blotting, Immunofluorescence.
Research Sub Category
Neurodegenerative Diseases
Biochem/physiol Actions
Specifically recognizes the ApoE4 N-terminal fragment(s) generated by a proteolytic cleavage between Asp172 and Leu173 of ApoE4. Does not recognize full-length ApoE3 and ApoE4, nor ApoE4 fragments with C-termi other than D172.
Physical form
Affinity purified
Purified rabbit polyclonal antibody in buffer containing 0.1 M Tris-Glycine (pH 7.4), 150 mM NaCl with 0.05% sodium azide.
Preparation Note
Stable for 1 year at 2-8°C from date of receipt.
Analysis Note
Evaluated by Immunohistochemistry in Alzheimer′s diseased human brain tissue.
Immunohistochemistry Analysis: A 1:250 dilution of this antibody detected ApoE4 fragment nApoECF (Asp172) in Alzheimer′s diseased human brain tissue.
Other Notes
Concentration: Please refer to lot specific datasheet.
Disclaimer
Unless otherwise stated in our catalog or other company documentation accompanying the product(s), our products are intended for research use only and are not to be used for any other purpose, which includes but is not limited to, unauthorized commercial uses, in vitro diagnostic uses, ex vivo or in vivo therapeutic uses or any type of consumption or application to humans or animals.
| biological source | rabbit |
| Quality Level | 100 |
| conjugate | unconjugated |
| antibody form | affinity isolated antibody |
| antibody product type | primary antibodies |
| clone | polyclonal |
| purified by | affinity chromatography |
| species reactivity | human |
| species reactivity (predicted by homology) | bovine (based on 100% sequence homology) |
| technique(s) | immunofluorescence: suitable,immunohistochemistry: suitable (paraffin),western blot: suitable |
| NCBI accession no. | NP_000032 |
| UniProt accession no. | P02649 |
| shipped in | wet ice |
| target post-translational modification | unmodified |
| Gene Information | human ... APOE(348) |
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